The Most Incredibly Overlooked Solution for Personal Essay Topics Middle School

The Most Incredibly Overlooked Solution for Personal Essay Topics Middle School The Characteristics of Personal Essay Topics Middle School Essays, generally, covers different topics. Then, it is going to be required to choose a topic for your own personal essay, and after it, you will be prepared to compose your paper. You could be quite surprised to learn that success of a personal essay may greatly rely on the subject you opt for. Your life story can likewise be regarded as a wonderful topic in writing your private essay. If you are aware of what they need to and what they are searching for then you are able to start your essay with a how to tip. Unlike another type of essays, personal essays are somewhat more flexible and versatile. What you aspire to teach your reader will decide the kind of your essay. From time to time, you don't wish to buy a guide, but it's still true that you will need to get help writing a personal essay. The introductory area of the essay should have a strong thesis statement that outlines the key thoughts and arguments of your essay. Analyze what you have to write in the essay and the way you want the readers to react to it. All About Personal Essay Topics Middle School Informative speeches also have to be delivered in a suitable manner by taking advantage of the ideal tones and emotions. The persuasive varieties of writing are definitely the most sophisticated of the four. One of the absolute most important regions of the essay writing process is editing, and editing requires a lot of time. A decent persuasive topic also needs to be interesting, relevant and ought to deal with contemporary troubles. How to Choose Personal Essay Topics Middle School For a student in the center school the typical topics are linked to science and history. Some applications might ask you to provide a personal history, telling about experiences you've undergone which have led you to opt to pursue graduate education in a particular area of study. A bit of research about the institution will be quite valuable. Academic research writings can be extremely helpful when writing descriptive essays. How to Find Personal Essay Topics Middle School Online The ideal way to learn how to begin a personal essay is to get a very clear picture of the primary features it should contain and its key requirements. Essentially, you're going to be explaining exactly why you'd be a good accession to the school or company. It is crucial to prove you're the absolute most suitable candidate from the pool of students who think the exact same way. A student might wind up with the sentence resulting in the next point, but don't enter the information. You won't ever get bored in the plan of wr iting because it is similar to ranting all your thoughts in a scholarly and intellectual method. There are quite a lot of reasons why it's so difficult to set your life story into writing. Your topic sentence is your very first impression and you would like to make it a good one so make sure it grasps your reader immediately so they are equally as interested in what you are going to let them know as you're in what you've got to say. The aim of the essays is to express your own personal capabilities, character traits, ideas and ideas, which will force you to look different from several other applicants and present you as a creative, committed and intelligent individual. As mentioned earlier, writing of an essay demands certain abilities and knowledge. Many students wish to call it a day after writing a very first draft, but editing is a crucial portion of writing a really amazing essay. An essay is a small masterpiece which every student ought to be able to create. It is not a bout camping at all, but about the fragile nature of nature. Type of Personal Essay Topics Middle School There's a specific sort of private essay that, for a very long time, everybody seemed to hate. As a consequence, you get to actively take part in telling your private story without needing to do any of the difficult work. As soon as you get a compelling topic, choose the main idea you wish to communicate and introduce it using a bang. In the end, the very best topics are ones that let you to explain something surprising about yourself. Personal Essay Topics Middle School and Personal Essay Topics Middle School - The Perfect Combination You begin with an introductory paragraph that acts as a form of road map for your essay. The opening or introductory paragraph of essay is similar to an announcement of the entire essay. An effective application essay is constructed on deeds instead of thoughts. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of p oints you might want to argue is a great start.

Orchid of Bayou Reaction Paper - 928 Words

Orchid of the Bayou Reaction Paper October 7, 2010 The book Orchid of the Bayou was eye opening. Cathryn (Kitty) Hoffpauir Fischer did a good job of being honest, which really allowed the reader to get a better understanding of what being deaf in this time period meant. Her writing really allowed me to see the different struggles that deaf children had to face, and how these struggles were overcome by Kitty. This book taught me many things about Deaf culture. First, this book allowed me to see the negative way in which deaf people were perceived. This book is not old by any means, and I was taken aback by the way deaf children were perceived by not only others in the community, but often times by their own parents as well. The term†¦show more content†¦This also discouraged some parents from enrolling their child because they did not want them to be away for such long periods of time. Now schools for the deaf are more common, and deaf children can attend mainstream public schools also; making it apparent that just because a child is deaf does not mean that they are dumb by any means. Also, Kitty has a disease called Usher Syndrome. Before reading this book I had never heard of it, and thus never realized how common it really is. This disease takes away two vital senses; hearing and vision. Kitty really opens up about her fears about losing her sight. The idea of total isolation is scary, without a doubt, and in my opinion she handles it with more courage than I could have ever imagined. Sign language is visual, and once Kitty loses her ability to see it will be very difficult to communicate with her family, and nearly impossible to communicate with hearing people who she most of the time needs an interpreter to communicate with anyways. I was very impressed by Kitty’s courage throughout her life. As a child she is extremely brave considering she in unable to communicate with her family, and is very confused by most of what goes on in her life because of this communication barrier. Kitty makes t he best of her situation regardless. As she gets older she shows extreme courage again as her father faces alcoholism and struggles to keep food on the table for the family. Kitty again handles this with courage beyond her

Crazy Patchwork free essay sample

â€Å"Mom! I found a new quilt pattern! Itll be perfect for that baby quilt!† One of my favorite parts of quilting is finding a pattern. Instead of checking Facebook and seeing what my friends are up to, I spend my time googling â€Å"quilt patterns†. I find pictures and websites that show images of beautiful, intricate quilts. When I find that perfect pattern, I bookmark it; grab a sheet of graph paper, a calculator, a pencil, a sharpie, and some colored pencils. Based on the image I see, I draw the shapes on my graph paper and determine the measurements of each of the blocks so the quilt is not too large or too small. More often than not, planning out my quilt requires patience and erasers. Once I think my dimensions are perfect and feasible, I outline my pattern in sharpie before coloring it. Occasionally, I have to determine the size of each of the many hundreds of individual squares, rectangles, and triangles to account for seam allowance. We will write a custom essay sample on Crazy Patchwork or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Quilting is time consumingunfortunately. Each quilt takes approximately 12 to 15 hours to produce, making it extremely hard to create all the quilts that I want. Even though 12 or 15 hours might seem like a deterrent for most teenagers in a world of instant gratification, each step gives me a sense of accomplishment. Due to the considerable amount of time and seemingly monotonous procedure, quilting requires a lot of patience, commitment and attention to detail to finish a whole quilt. But the satisfaction is worth every minute. Half the joy of quilting is sharing the experience (and the quilts) with others. Whenever I show my friends a new quilt, they exclaim, â€Å"I want one!† Recently, Ive started to teach my six-year old cousin Lily how to quilt. She came over to my house one day and asked me if she could help me with my current quilt. I asked her if she wanted to make her own, and she enthusiastically said â€Å"Yes!† I pulled out our bins of fabric and asked her to pick out the ones with colors and patterns of fabrics she liked the most. Then, she helped me cut up the fabrics into blocks and sew them together by unpinning and starting/stopping the sewing machine. Every step of the way, I asked her for her preference in the order of the blocks and the overall pattern. Now Lily has a quilt that she helped design and sew to call her own. In my family, there is a tradition of making baby quilts for the first-born baby. My cousins will be having a baby in January and my aunt and uncles baby is due in April. Consistent with the tradition started by my mom, we plan on making both babies a quilt to treasure. I can’t wait to see my new cousins wrapped up in their crazy patchwork-patterned quilts, bright with oranges, blues, greens, and purples.

Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Example Essay Example

Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Example Paper Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Introduction Tutor: Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Body Paragraphs Safety is the Right of Every Individual Being safe from external aggression is a fundamental right to every living human being. This right is enshrined in some of the most powerful global legislation like the universal bill of rights. The duty to provide safety lies with the individual and other organizations like the state, local authorities and learning institutions (Louis 20-35). Everybody has a duty of ensuring their safety wherever they go, however, individual responsibility can only go so far. The broader concept about security is bestowed upon the other bodies. Bodies like the government and universities have a broader mandate to guarantee the security of their members. The university should bear additional accountability in protecting its students because it is socially obliged and because the learners are a university’s main concern. The safety of USF students or any other student for that matter is paramount. It ought to be a top priority for the learning institution as a daily routine. Students are particularly vulnerable to crime, and it is imperative that learning institutions take elaborate measures to ensure students are safe both inside and outside school. For instance, in the case of USF, the university transport system that has been tasked with shuttling students inside and outside the university starts its services at 7 am and runs until 12 am. Unfortunately, some of the hardworking students extend their stay past midnight. These learners are left with no alternative other than to walk home. Walking home in the wee hours is dangerous, particularly to men, as the possibility of falling victim to crime is exceptionally high (Criss Pamela 14-18). Statistics show that men are more likely to fall victim to violent crimes than women are (Victims and Victimization). To paraphrase the importance of enhancing safety for students, it would be crucial to analyze the current university security policy and the surrounding environment. The security personnel are only stationed at the university main compound. According to media reports, the area around USF has recorded astronomical figures in reported criminal activity. The economic status of most of the student does not help the situation. Some of the learners cannot afford cars while the ones who own cars find the parking fees to be exorbitant. Commuting to and from the school by taxi is a nightmare for those who live far because of the high fares. These challenges have forced the students to find residences near the campus. The university has a social responsibility to guarantee safety of its students so that they can undertake their studies without worrying about their safety (Bettinghaus Erwin 36-39). In light of this issue, I can propose a number of security measures that can be adopted by the student body and the university management. The university’s transport service can be extended to a twenty-four hour service. Such a move will ensure all students reach th eir destination safely and at all times. It is true that such a service will come at an extra cost. Therefore, learners should be ready and willing to chip-in with contributions to meet the added cost of service. Institutions should also guarantee the safety of learners who have left their parents’ homes to reside closer to the university. The university assumes the role of looking after the welfare of the students until they get back to their parents. Therefore, USF should lobby the national government and the local authority to increase security personnel and patrols in the entire area where learners reside. Increasing the number of security personnel in such areas would significantly decrease the likelihood of learners falling victim to crime. Some pundits may argue that it is not the prerogative of the university to offer security to students especially when they are out of the university compound. They may argue that the university bears that responsibility only when the student is within the university premises (Criss Pamela 14-18). It would be neglectful of the USF to have such an attitude. As I mentioned earlier, the university has a social responsibility to the community and its customers. The customers happen to be its students. Moreover, in order to protect its reputation, the university will do itself a veritable favor by ensuring its members are safe. Another argument against such an obligation would be based on cost of providing the service. Making the transport service run for twenty-four hours would not necessarily come at a cost as the service is only absent for seven hours. Besides, the university can convince the student to bear the extra cost of providing the transport service. The Bull Runner (USF’s campus shuttling service) currently operates between 7:00 am and 12:00 pm between Monday and Thursday. On Friday, the hours are shorter with the services ending at 5:30 P.M. The weekend service only lasts for five hours (between 2:30 P.M. and 5:30 P.M.) and there is no service on public holidays. The weekday service should be extended to twenty-four hours between Monday and Thursday with the Friday service being extended to midnight. The service can charge extra for the later hours in order to recover the cost of service. Extending these hours will make sure that these shuttle services are available for all students, including those who study very late and those who have avid social lives. If the university opts to lobby for increased security from the national government or local authority, there will be no extra cost that the university will incur as such cost will be borne by the relevant organ. There are numerous advantages of having a secure environment. The academic performance of the students will improve tremendously. The student will be able to excel in their studies and possibly come up with excellent inventions. The staff will also be able to work well, and their output will increase. The communi ty around the university will also enjoy the benefits of enhanced security measures. Another solution for the issue of campus security could be to introduce an application that tracks student movement. The application could be developed by students and data can be hosted in the server, in the university police department. When a user installs the application on their phone, they can allow a computer to track their movement and create a log that details the location visited and times of arrival and departure. When a user signs into the app, they are prompted to enter their current location and their final destination. A computer in the university police department then tracks the user and makes sure that they get to their destination safely. The app can also be used to send alerts that warn users of any threats to security. A good and secure environment can be used as a marketing tool for the university. It has the potential to attract more and more clients as the current students ac t as ambassadors of the university (Stiff James 45-52). When they enjoy a secure college environment, they will disseminate that information to their peers at home and encourage them to join their university. Benefits of security will trickle down even to the local residents and business community, as many investors will be willing to open up venture in the region. Statistics released in 2010 showed that USF has a high rate of burglaries and car thefts (over three years 403 burglaries and 101 car thefts were recorded) (Merrefield and Streib). The campus ranked 127 out of 450 in security, showing that there is a lot of room for improvement. The duty to provide safety lies with the individual and other bodies such as the state, local authorities and learning institution. In this respect, both the individual and other bodies have a role to play in order to realize security as a right to all. The learners need to take responsibility for their safety such as ensuring they do not walk al one late at night, or engage in activities that might jeopardize their safety. There should be a concerted effort by the entire student fraternity aimed at encouraging the university to enhance student safety. USF has the greatest responsibility of ensuring its students are safe. Only marginal effort is required of the university in enhancing the current security policy in relation to the student body. The university is only called upon to make the current transport service a twenty-four hours service, as this will ensure those students who leave the university premises very late at night reach their destination safe and secure. The university can also use its influence and convince the national government as well as the local authority to increase the number of security personnel and patrols. Work Cited Bettinghaus, Erwin P. Persuasive Communication. New York, N.Y: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1980. Print. Criss, Pamela M. Prevalence of Client Violence against Social Work Students a nd Its Effects on Fear of Future Violence, Occupational Commitment, and Career Withdrawal Intentions. Tampa, Fla: University of South Florida, 2009. Web. 2 May 2013 Louis, E H. â€Å"Administrative Law and Governmentality: Politics and Discretion in a Changing State of Sovereignty.† Administrative Theory amp; Praxis. 24.1 (2002): 55-80. Print. Stiff, James B. Persuasive Communication. New York: Guilford Press, 1994. Print. â€Å"Victims and Victimization.† National Institute of Justice. 20 September 2010. Web. 02 May 2013 Merrefield, Clarke and Steib, Lauren. The Daily Beast College Safety Rankings. TheDailyBeast.com. 13 Sep 2010, Web. 2 May 2013 We will write a custom essay sample on Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Safety is the Right of Every Individual Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

And Then There Were None, Film analysis of a modern film based on Agathie Chrisities Novel

And Then There Were None, Film analysis of a modern film based on Agathie Chrisities Novel “And Then There Were None” is an extremely successful novel written by crime story queen, and most popular modern author: Agatha Christie. An adaptation of the famous novel is “Ten Little Indians”, a moderately successful film by Allan Berkinshaw. The themes of both stories include Justice, crime, murder and fear .The novel is about 8 guilty criminals (Emily Brent, Phillip Lombard, Vera Claythorne, Justice Wargrave, Dr. Armstrong, Tony Marston, Mr. Rogers, Mrs. Rogers, general Macarthur and William Blore) and two guilty hosts invited onto an island by a mysterious character that starts off killing them one by one according to the seriousness of their guilt. All the characters end up dying and even the mysterious characters who was one of the ten later commits suicide. In both plots the murders follow a mysterious nursery rhyme. The film is also about 8 (Marian Marshal, Phillip Lombard, Vera Claythorne, Justice Wargrave, Dr.The original title of And Then There Were Non e (19...Werner, Tony Marston, Elmore, Mrs. Rogers, General Macarthur and William Blore) criminals isolated in a remote African desert accompanied by two hosts. The character names have changed from the novel in the film, but once again a mysterious character starts off killing the ten victims one by one. However, at the end of the film, two characters survive. Such significant changes in the film are some of the reasons the film failed to compete with the popularity of the novel “And Then There Were None”.The first point in the film where the plot drifted form Agatha Christie‘s novel was the very beginning where the setting takes place in the middle of a remote African town, while in the Novel all the characters first meet at Soldiers Island. Both plots depict the characters being isolated from the rest of the world. However the film had failed...

Hypocorisma

Hypocorisma Hypocorisma Hypocorisma By Maeve Maddox When Dick Cheney said, â€Å"We’re in deep doo-doo,† he was expressing himself with hypocorisma. Hypocorisma is a type of euphemism derived from a Greek word meaning â€Å"pet name.† The English word hypocorism may be defined as â€Å"the diminutive or otherwise altered version of a given name.† Sometimes the original name is clear in the hypocorism: Johnny < John Chris < Christopher Millie < Millicent Pat, Patty Sometimes the hypocorism differs from the original name: Kit < Christopher Hal < Henry Ned < Edward Meg, Peggy < Margaret Molly, Polly Hypocorisma also applies to the diminutives of ordinary words like television and â€Å"nursery words†: words used by adults in speaking to young children. Here are examples of diminutives of ordinary words often used by adults: telly < television undies < underwear hanky < handkerchief comfy < comfortable Here are some typical nursery words. Several are euphemisms. Several are completely different in appearance from the words they represent: doggy, bow-wow for dog horsey, gee-gee for horse choo-choo for train pee-pee, wee-wee, number one for urine doo-doo, poo-poo, poop, number two for feces grown-up for adult scaredy-cat for easily frightened person The use of diminutives and pet names is usually an indication of affection or intimacy, but sometimes hypocorisma is used to diminish, infantilize, or insult. For example, the same words used as endearments by family members and close friends are seen as insulting when they come from strangers. Some people don’t seem to mind being called honey, sweetie, or babe by store clerks or other service personnel, but others feel emotions ranging from annoyance to fury: I have walked out of restaurants after being called honey [or] babe. Dear Abby said it is sexual harassment. I HATE being called honey. Newington police arrested a man they said became angry when a store clerk called him honey and then punched her in the face. A friendly â€Å"Hon† to frequent customers in a local restaurant is one thing, but in the workplace in general, employees, customers, and healthcare workers would be wise to avoid terms of endearment, especially when dealing with a segment of the population that is bombarded with such empty endearments. People in their seventies and above are so often addressed in nursery language that researchers have a word for this type of hypocorisma: elderspeak. According to Becca Levy, an associate professor of epidemiology and psychology at Yale University, the way elderly people are talked to affects their health. A University of Kansas study of the effects of elderspeak on people suffering from mild to moderate dementia found that when staff spoke to patients as if they were children, saying such things as â€Å"Good girl!† and â€Å"How are we feeling?† the patients were more aggressive and less receptive than if they were spoken to adult-to-adult. The study concluded that elderspeak sends a message that the patient is incompetent and â€Å"begins a negative downward spiral for older persons, who react with decreased self-esteem, depression, withdrawal and the assumption of dependent behaviors.† Words matter. So does context. Terms of endearment are probably best reserved for the people we hold dear. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs Enquire75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break†English Grammar 101: Prepositions

Sign Language in Spain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Sign Language in Spain - Research Paper Example At any rate, while these individuals may still find communication to be a chore at times, it is still more or less manageable for them. On the other hand, those who have been deaf since early childhood or even birth have a much harder time getting by in society. Since they have never been able to hear, they will be unlikely to be capable of producing anything more than inarticulate groans, moans and other sounds. Thus, in order to alleviate their difficulty, there are those throughout the years who have come up with sign language. And of course, there have also been those throughout the years who have succeeded in their chosen field in spite of their disability, mainly thanks to sign language. One of the most well-known examples of this is Helen Keller, who managed to become a celebrated author in spite of being both deaf and blind (Bauman 7). Sign language has existed since deaf people have been around. Various studies have allowed important individuals to develop new systems of sign languages based on the local sign languages being used. The establishment of teaching institutions that focuses on educating the deaf and mute with Sign Language has allowed the development of a standardized sign language system. Although standardized, a sign language may still have variations in dialects based on the region and cultural differences. A sign language uses visual sign patterns to transmit meanings instead of acoustic patterns. It uses hand shapes as well as well as facial expressions and body movements that convey specific meanings. Sign Language is known to have started where deaf people exist. It is comprised of gestures, finger spelling, and signs that could represent words or complete thoughts.

Is Homosexuality a Sin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is Homosexuality a Sin - Essay Example The theory of childhood trauma contends that childhood emotional shocks result in homosexuality. Another theory holds forth that such behavior is the outcome of genetic factors. In addition, there is one theory that declares that such comportment is a learned behavior. A large number of scientists believe that homosexual or bisexual behavior results from an amalgamation of biological factors and childhood emotional shocks (Homosexuality, 2010). According to the Holy Bible, homosexuality is a cardinal sin that goes against the very grain of creation. Humans were created by God, as man and woman, and only these two were to come together, in order to propagate the human race. Subsequent to being expelled by God from the Garden of Eden, man became wicked and sinful, and disobeyed God (Genesis 13:13, King James Version). Homosexuality is one such iniquitous act. In the Holy Bible there is mention of the city of Sodom, whose denizens were destroyed by God, on account of their extreme wickedness. This act of God served to indicate the extreme disapproval accorded to unnatural sins by men. God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, which were razed to the ground. The men in these cities had been obsessed with immoral and unnatural sexual acts (Jude 1:7, King James Version). Thus, the Holy Bible condemns homosexual behavior in no uncertain terms, and the destruction of cities en masse, by God, indicates the extreme disapproval with which He views such deviant behavior. Homosexuality has been viewed as the Christian Reformed Church, as being the outcome of a world steeped in sin. This Church, while decrying homosexuality, believed in adopting a compassionate attitude towards the homosexuals. Moreover, this entity is of the firm opinion that every possible effort should be made to enable homosexuals to realize the iniquity of their behavior

The Prevalence of Co-Occurring Disorders Essay Example for Free

The Prevalence of Co-Occurring Disorders Essay When a counselor has a new client they are working with, the client has to be assessed. When being assessed the counselor has to determine what issues the client may have. Through being assessed, the counselor may come to realize the client has more than one issue which is called co-occurring disorders. At this point the client will have to be treated for more than one disorder to effectively overcome the problems they are facing. Within this paper one will locate the prevalence of co-occurring disorders, mental health and substance abuse or dependency. Services, U. D. (2005) states that substance abuse and mental disorders became associated in the late 70’s. Both substance abuse and mental disorder communities realized that the two were associated with not just depression but substance abuse as well. At that time, 50 to 75 percent of clients were reported to have co-occurring mental disorders and co-occurring substance abuse users were between 20 to 50 percent. Researchers have demonstrated that clients with co-occurring substance abuse and mental illness disorders can be beneficial with treatment. Even if the clients have serious mental disorders (Services, U. D. , 2005). With the prevalence of co-occurring disorders, Services, U. D. (2005) states that effective treatment and services is needed to be readily available for those who are in need of help. Many treatment facilities are not ready to treat those who have more than one disorder which means that one disorder is treated, while another is left untreated. After which, the client can continue to have relapses with abuse because the other disorders were not treated. What was considered to not be surprising personally is that fifty-three percent of those with COD whose addictive behaviors with alcohol abuse or dependency also had mental disorders sometime during their life (Services, U. D. , 2005). Also 59 percent of the respondents who had lifetime mental disorders were illicit drug abusers, while 71 percent of those who used illicit drugs over their lifetime had alcohol abuse or dependence as well (Services, U. D. , 2005). This is found not to be surprising because so many people abuse drugs over a lifetime that once they have reached their personal level of high, they tend to switch out to another drug which they believe will fulfill the gap in the word â€Å"high† they are looking for. A statistical piece of information that was interesting is that how the number of mental disorders increases as the number of substance abuse disorders increases as well. Services, U. D. (2005) states the likelihood of mental disorders rises alongside with substance abuse dependencies. With the rise of both abuses at the same time, it complicates treatment for the mental disorder patients that have drug use however, multiple drugs is normal for those who are substance abusers (Services, U. D. , 2005). The reason this information is found to be interesting is because with the two disorders rising at the same level, it appears that the challenges will be harder and more co-occurring disorder patients are going to need help with their issues. As a counselor, one must be dually competent to treat these clients or have staff available to treat the clients who have co-occurring disorders to ensure an effective outcome. Differences and Similarities in the Mental Health and Substance Abuse Systems One similarity of the two systems is that they both are defined by a combination of administrative leadership, regulatory oversight, and the funding. Another similarity is both systems have services that are organized into programs that treat individuals for the illness they are suffering from so the client can learn to have stability in their life. Ongoing treatment and rehabilitation is another service that both systems have available for the clients (Services, U. D. , 2005). One difference between the two systems is that the substance abuse treatment system treats substance use disorders. The services for the substance abuse treatment system are geared towards acute stabilization, active treatment, and engagement. The mental health service system treats individuals for mental health disorders. The services for the mental health service system are geared towards acute crisis intervention that is available for individuals who has been diagnosed with Serious and Persistent Mental Illness (SPMI). Another difference is the substance abuse treatment system is focused towards treating the client to become abstinence from illicit drug and or alcohol use. The mental health service system has case management, psychiatric rehabilitation services, and if needed services that will house the patient if they have been classified with having SPMI (Services, U.  D. , 2005). With all said co-occurring disorders can be located in just about any population. If one is dependent on a drug and or alcohol and has mental issues as well, both substance abuse and mental health disorders need to be treated. One issue cannot be treated and the other left untreated. Ongoing treatment programs and rehabilitation services is available to clients so each individual can live a healthy stabilized life.

Harmful Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes Essay -- Informative Essays Nico

Harmful Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes Mentioned Photos Not Included There are numerous effects of smoking Cigarettes that affect the individual. They can affect not only your health but also your social and family life. It can also affect the non-smoker around you. Non-smokers suffer from allergies, noise and eye irritations and headaches as a result of inhaling second hand smoke. Smoking while you're pregnant can result to the growth of the foetus and may even result in the death of the baby. Below are some long term and short term effects of smoking. Cigarette smoke contains around 4,000 chemicals, many of which are known to be highly poisonous and very harmful - over 40 are known to cause cancer. The chemicals found in a cigarette include; ? Benzene, a gasoline additive found in paints, paint thinners, adhesives and plastics. You can be exposed to benzene fumes while pumping gas. ? Asbestos, It is found in acoustic ceiling tiles, floor tiles, textured paint, exterior siding and appliances. Asbestos is only dangerous when its fibers become loose or when the material crumbles, which causes small particles to be set free and inhaled. Once inhaled, the microscopic fibers remain in the body forever. Asbestos can cause lung and bowel cancer, mesothelioma, asbestosis and other lung diseases. The risk of disease is believed to increase with smoking. ? Vinyl chloride and its derivative polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These plastic resins found in many products, including pipes, hoses, flooring, windows and credit cards. The greatest risk is to workers in these industries who manufacture and handle these products daily. High levels also are found in the materials used in the interiors of new cars, making that "new-car smell" potentially dangerous. ? Pesticides. While pesticide levels in foods are relatively harmless, pesticides used in your home or on your lawn may be dangerous because of the large quantities used. In some studies, farmers with high exposure to pesticides were found to have a higher risk of several different cancers, including leukemia. ? Formaldehyde. This can be a component of many products including cosmetics, paper, textiles and drugs. Formaldehyde initially was found to cause nasal cancer in rats. Since then, there has been considerable controversy as to the role of formaldehyde in causing cancer in humans. ? Other ch... ...ia. Growing tobacco is a way for these countries to make much needed money. Many poorer countries use wood to dry tobacco and have to cut down many trees to do this. In countries where wood is used for cooking and heating then if it is also used to dry tobacco, there is less for the people to use to cook their food and heat their homes. Tobacco companies encourage many local farmers in the poorer countries to grow tobacco instead of food even when there are food shortages. This can mean less food available for the local community. Tobacco plants take more nutrients from the soil than many other crops and because of this the land is made less fit for growing food. Cutting down Forests Cigarettes are wrapped in paper and are sold in packets. They use large amounts of paper and therefore a lot of trees. Cutting down trees is one of the biggest threats to our environment. Tree roots bind the soil together. The leaves draw moisture into the air. When the trees are cut down, rainfall is reduced and erosion of the soil is increased. This can leave a bare landscape where nothing useful can be grown. Land which might have been used for food crops may be useless.

Gender Roles in Ancient Egypt, Rome, and India

Prompt: Gender is not sex: gender has to do with the roles and expectations commonly ascribed to men and women, and these can vary from one society to another. Write an essay that explores similarities and differences in gender norms in ancient Egypt, Rome, and India. Gender roles vary from place to place. There is not a set standard that applies to every place all over the world. Men are usually of higher position than women but not always. In this paper I will tell you specifically about the gender roles, mostly of women, in India, Egypt, and Rome.In India, the women are controlled almost completely by the men in their families. They also have to pay a lot of respect to the men in their culture in general. The women must follow the commands of her father first, after him her husband, and lastly her son. Although she must obey these men the restrictions do not end there. After a woman’s husband dies she does not have independence and she is not allowed to remarry. In the movi e Paheli there were very good examples of what the culture would be like among the gender roles in India.The newlywed, Lachchi, must her veil removed by her husband, Kishen. She is not even allowed to do this herself. While Lachchi and Kishen are on the way to Kishen’s house, Lachchi has some children go and fetch her berries from a nearby tree, Kishen scolds her and takes possession of the berries and does not let her ingest them. One part of Paheli that strikes me as interesting is the section where the men give the women colorful bangles. In this society the men spoil the women but they place such harsh restrictions on them.It states directly in the textbook, â€Å"A virtuous wife should constantly serve her husband like a god, even if he behaves badly, freely indulges his lust, and is devoid of any good qualities. † This is saying that he can do whatever he wants, cheat on his wife with whomever he pleases, and if he has nothing going for him or does nothing right. On the other hand, the husband is able to do whatever he wants. He should be â€Å"born again† by impregnating his wife. Also, the husband should not keep her in check by force but instead, by filling her time with activities that benefit both of them such as cooking and cleaning.While men get possession of all the land and they have the rights and abilities to go to work the women did not have these as life options. The women that were brought to India as slaves were used as dancers and musicians but occasionally they were used to act as military guards. In Egypt, The gender roles are not as strict as they are in India. The women are able to have higher positions and there is more availability of activities they can do. Although women did not have many restrictions, one that was withheld for a long time was that a woman should not withhold a position that governs a kingdom or have effective power.Actually it was said â€Å"A people who place women in charge of their affair s will never prosper† and â€Å"Men perish if they obey women. † This was later defied and a woman called â€Å"mother of Khalil† was placed in a higher up position. Another way that a woman could acquire a higher up status would be by being the mother of a prince. Men are usually the bread winners of the families and the women do close to nothing because they do not have to. Concubines, who were usually slaves, could earn themselves a decent living if they were intelligent enough or picked the right man and created a decent relationship with him.In Rome, The gender roles run differently than any other place. The women have the rights to do much of the same things as men. There are different aspects to the roles often from house to house though. In one instance, the house was divided into two and the men slept upstairs while the women slept downstairs. Although this seems odd it is actually very considerate because the husband was sparing his wife the trouble of having to always go downstairs to tend to her child.Elite Roman women were socially and politically significant and often highly visible individuals. This proves that although in many cultures women could never be equal to men, in the Roman culture they could come very close. In many other cultures that we talked about it was alright for the men to carryout affairs. In the Roman culture it was said that â€Å"women of Rome, all were expected to be fertile and virtuous mothers†¦ideologies of masculinity bound men, who were to be serious, strong, and dedicated to their families, the gods, and their state. This is the society that sounds perfect to me. It seems like everything would just work together and there would not be much conflict. In these summaries of little aspects of gender roles we have seen many differences. I have not covered all of them but you can only imagine what kinds of other things are happening in the world that segregate the men from the women. Egypt, India , and Rome all differ and that is alright because what would the world be like if everything worked in perfectly the same order.

Combined sentence Essay

1) Sexism extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. Believing that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive, and even dangerous behind the wheel. -It seems that sexism extends even into the area of automobile driving. Believing that they are far better drivers than women, men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive, and even dangerous behind the wheel. 2) However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates. Insurance rates for women are 20 percent lower than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other group. Also, the greater percentage of accidents involving deaths cause by men. Although women are criticized for being too cautious. They are really just being safe drivers. -However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent lower than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other group and the greater percentage of accidents involving deaths cause by men. Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers. 3) The reasons for women drivers’ safer driving habits can perhaps be found in the different attitudes of the sexes toward automobiles. On the one hand, women drivers who regard the automobile as a convenience. Like a washing machine. On the other hand men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive. Or using it as a status symbol. -The reasons for women drivers’ safer driving habits can perhaps be found in the different attitudes of the sexes toward automobiles. On the one hand, women drivers who regard the automobile as a convenience like a washing machine; on the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos, using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive, or using it as a status symbol. 4) All in all, women are safer drivers. Because of their attitude. Men can  learn to become safe drivers. If they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience. -All in all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers, if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience. 2. (a) Electric cars are powered solely by batteries. (b) The new hybrid vehicles switch between electricity and gasoline. -Electric cars are powered solely by batteries, but the new hybrid vehicles switch between electricity and gasoline. 3. (a) Government and private agencies have spent billions of dollars advertising the dangers of smoking. (b) The number of smokers is still increasing. -Even though government and private agencies have spent billions of dollars advertising the dangers of smoking, the number of smokers is still increasing. 4. (a) Some students go to a vocational school to learn a trade. (b) Some students go to college to earn a degree -Some students go to a vocational school to learn a trade, but some students go to college to earn a degree. 5. (a) The grading system at our college should be abolished. (b) The students do not like getting grades.(c) The instructions do not enjoy giving grades. -The grading system at our college should be abolished as (or because/since) the students do not like getting grades, and the instructions do not enjoy giving grades. 6. (a) Education in a free society teaches children how to think. (b) Education in a dictatorship teaches children what to think. -Education in a free society teaches children how to think, but education in a dictatorship teaches children what to think.

The LIPET Strategy for Integration by Parts

The LIPET Strategy for Integration by Parts Integration by parts is one of many integration techniques that are used in calculus. This method of integration can be thought of as a way to undo the product rule. One of the difficulties in using this method is determining what function in our integrand should be matched to which part. The LIPET acronym can be used to provide some guidance on how to split up the parts of our integral. Integration by Parts Recall the method of integration by parts. The formula for this method is: ∠« u dv uv - ∠« v du. This formula shows which part of the integrand to set equal to u, and which part to set equal to dv. LIPET is a tool that can help us in this endeavor. The LIPETAcronym The word â€Å"LIPET† is an acronym, meaning that each letter stands for a word. In this case, the letters represent different types of functions. These identifications are: L Logarithmic functionI Inverse trigonometric functionP Polynomial functionE Exponential functionT Trigonometric function This gives a systematic list of what to try to set equal to u in the integration by parts formula. If there is a logarithmic function, try setting this equal to u, with the rest of the integrand equal to dv. If there are no logarithmic or inverse trig functions, try setting a polynomial equal to u. The examples below help to clarify the use of this acronym. Example 1 Consider ∠« x lnx dx. Since there is a logarithmic function, set this function equal to u ln x. The rest of the integrand is dv x dx. It follows that du dx / x and that v x2/ 2. This conclusion could be found by trial and error. The other option would have been to set u x. Thus du would be very easy to calculate. The problem arises when we look at dv lnx. Integrate this function in order to determine v. Unfortunately, this is a very difficult integral to calculate. Example 2 Consider the integral ∠« x cos x dx. Start with the first two letters in LIPET. There are no logarithmic functions or inverse trigonometric functions. The next letter in LIPET, a P, stands for polynomials. Since the function x is a polynomial, set u x and dv cos x. This is the correct choice to make for integration by parts as du dx and v sin x. The integral becomes: x sin x -  Ã¢Ë† « sin x dx. Obtain the integral through a straightforward integration of sin x. When LIPETFails There are some cases where LIPET fails, which requires setting  u equal to a function other than the one prescribed by LIPET. For this reason, this acronym should only be thought of as a way to organize thoughts. The acronym LIPET also provides us with an outline of a strategy to try when using integration by parts. It is not a mathematical theorem or principle that is always the way to work through an integration by parts problem.

Is The Use Of Animals For Research Purposes Justified

Is The Use Of Animals For Research Purposes Justified Ethical Issues about the Use of Animals for Experiments Animals have been in use for experimentation for a  long time especially in the medical field where it has enabled scientists to discover and gain knowledge and understanding of the biological processes as to improvement the quality of human life. Despite the wide use of animal experimentation in scientific fields, it has become an ethical issue that has pitted the pro-experimentation and against the animal rights activists that have been strongly challenging not only the legality of the continued use of animals for experiments but also the ethics behind it. This paper presents different arguments for and against the use of animals for research purposes. The population of animals has been dropping drastically worldwide in the recent times. A report by Jarrod in 2010 shows that the chimpanzees population has dropped from 2 million to just about 150,000 in the recent years. The same applies to the population of rabbits that has dropped from over 3 billion to just about 1.5 million today. The use of an animal for scientific research has been cited as a major reason for the dramatic decline in these animals population and those of other animals, such as rats, pigs, sharks, and dogs among others. In the US, animals are widely used in scientific research, especially in testing products consumed by humans, as well as the effectiveness of certain drugs. Want to learn more? Go here: Torture Is Never Justified How to Write a Case Study? The Internet Has Been Overly Commercialized Is Science Atheistic?   Legalization of Marijuana Issue Animal Testing is Required by the Law Despite the growing trend in the use of animals for scientific research, there has been a growing debate from different quarters of the American society with one side in support and the other in opposition. Supporters of the use of animals for experiments argue that the use of animals for scientific research is a good thing because it enables the scientists to discover some of the useful information about products and drugs that help in advancing the quality of life of animals and humans. Proponents of experimentation maintain that animals such as chimpanzees, mice and cows have 99.4%, 99% and 90% genes similar to those of humans respectively. As such, using these animals that have the same organs and nerve system is useful in making discoveries on things such as drugs and how effective or dangerous they can be on humans before permitting them for humans. They cite the US laws requiring that all prescription drugs be tested on animals before they can be allowed for sale in the market .   This way, any danger with the prescription drug is detected in the animals and avoided for use in the humans because the life of a human is more valuable than that of an animal. Secondly, proponents of the use of animals for experimentation argue that animals have no rights as human beings. They maintain that unlike humans that have the ability to reason, animals have no right. Therefore, animals cannot make a moral claim or defend themselves in an intelligent manner. Additionally, proponents of the use of animals for experimentation maintain that because animals do not have respect for humans rights, there is nothing wrong with using them for experimentation purposes. Experimentation Helps to Discover Medicines for Animals Thirdly, those in support of the use of animals for experimentation maintain that the use of animals for experimentation has resulted in the discovery of better veterinary medicines and improved welfare of animals. They speak about the heartworm a drug that was discovered out of research conducted on animals and has since proved useful in helping save the lives of many dogs across the globe. Besides, they cite that animal research has resulted in the better understanding of nutrition for cats and the reasons why cats live much longer than other animals and maintain good health. Additionally, proponents of the animal research argue that man has dominion over all other creatures. As such, man has control over animals and can do research with them. They cite Genesis chapter 1:28, where after God has created everything and blessed them, God instructed man to be fruitful and multiply, as well as have dominion over all animals of land, air, and sea. Testing Causes Animals Pain and Suffering Despite the strong arguments in favor of animal research, animal activists have strongly opposed the continued use of animals for scientific research arguing that it causes a lot of pain and suffering to animals. As such, because the suffering caused to animals is so high, there is no justification for the benefits to humans. Secondly, animal rights activists have strongly opposed animal experimentation arguing that there has not been any proof of the benefits to human. Jarrod 2010 research, for instance, found that the research conducted on chimpanzees in an attempt to try to discover the medication for HIV did not provide any result despite the claim that chimpanzees share about 99.4% of DNA with humans. Unlike humans, chimpanzees do not develop AIDS after getting infected with HIV. Other opponents of animal research also argue that even other animals that share similar DNA features with humans do not provide reliable test because they might not react in the same way as humans would. As such, it is wrong to continue subjecting animals to pain and suffering in the name of science. In conclusion, animal use for research is a common practice all over the world. However, this practice is raising ethical issues that need to be addressed soberly. Experiments should not be conducted in the manner that causes a lot of harm and suffering to animals.

Intellectual Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intellectual Property - Essay Example Background of the research Arguments for intellectual property have taken many forms because the high rate of technological advancement makes people introduce new ways of misconduct. Individual personality is the extension of intellectual property because it introduces social progress and innovation incentives. Even justification of rights is related to merit and labor, the government should take a step forward to prevent people’s intellectual property. On the other hand, some organizations want the government to abolish the issue of intellectual property because it makes some big companies take advantage of emerging industries. Most people argue that the intellectual works on the basis of restricted access, but intellectual works are consumed by their use and many people are capable of using them concurrently. Intellectual property aims at protecting other people’s properties through introducing rules and regulations related to internet and technology. Organizations st ore crucial information that enable them carry out their business plans without crashing into one another’s plans. Violation of intellectual property rules leads to some industries having similar trademarks, or patents. In addition, economists have introduced economies of intellectual property that provides the basic requirements for an industry enter into the world of economies today (Lemley 1031). Types of intellectual property Intellectual property covers entrepreneurs in all categories from the small scale to large scale to assist in the protection of valuable assets of a company like the company logo, advertising instruments, list of consumers, and the unique ways of carrying out its activities (Bagley and Dauchy 23-52). The government has puts up policies to help in the protection of the intellectual property which every entrepreneur must follow. Copyrights Copyright forms the most crucial type of intellectual property that has greatly affected many industries, includin g software producing companies, music industries, multimedia, and entertainment sectors. Copyrights help in protecting the original expression of someone or an organization fixed in a tangible form. One of the commonest methods of copyright protection is through displaying a copyright notice on the product to make the user know the good protection by the copyright law, gives the producer, and the first time of publication. Copyright also gives the owner the right to get economic advantages from the product and the right to prevent duplication and selling of the work. Every person has the right over the ideas created and holds the responsibility to get all the benefits, which come because of that achievement and have the mandate to dictate who uses the idea for business purposes. The copyright covers all areas including computer programs and electronic databases. Trademarks Trademarks assist business industries in improving their image towards attracting more customers by increasing the quality of products and services offered. Trademark makes products and services more reliable, brings about innovations, and improves business performance. Good examples of well known trademarks globally include NIKE, AON, Mercedes-Benz, and Intel Inside. Protecting intellectual prop

Obamas budget plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Obamas budget plan - Essay Example Obama’s budget indicates that the country’s deficit will increase this year to its highest post-World War II level, and then gradually decrease over the decade. The article indicates, however, that it will remain at ‘troublesome levels’. Obama argues that his budget will save over $1 trillion by ending the previous administration’s tax cuts and by enacting a three year spending freeze. (the spending freeze won’t include spending on health programs, national security, and veteran’s programs) However, the article indicates that the savings are only, â€Å"one-fifth of the size of the debt that will pile up from now to 2020.† Major areas of change will occur in tax cuts. Large budget spending on military equipment will be supplanted by spending on education and civilian research. Taxes among oil companies and affluent citizens will rise. Small businesses, however, will see large amounts of tax reductions over the next decade. Spending will continue on the proposed health care system and energy infrastructure.. Food and drug research and biomedical technology will also receive increased funding. While NASA’s budget will be further reduced, spending on science will rise as the National Science Foundation will receive, â€Å"$7.4 billion, a nearly 8 percent increase from the budget last year.† While Republicans criticize Obama for the rising levels of debt, he argues that his administration will still maintain its goal of reducing the deficit in half before the end of his term in office. The article indicates that spending will necessarily rise as towards the end of the decade with large amounts of retiring baby boomers. Increasing health costs are greatly centered around the Department of Health and Human Services, and the National Institute of Health, both of which are receiving multi-billion dollar increases in funding. The article contends that a number of Obama’s proposed spending cuts may be difficult to enact in

Animism and Personification Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Animism and Personification - Term Paper Example These religions are given the term primal because of the animistic belief embodied in it (Super and Turley, p.18). Primal religions have a strong belief in animism and personification. Primal religions believe in the connection of all existence, whether it be humans, animals or even nature. In fact, nature is on the focal points of primal religion. Each being, each place, each object was reasoned to have a spirit, which is called anima. In such a manner, everything has a purpose, a reason for its existence. This is closely related to how people have lived centuries ago, in the time where hunting and gathering were the primary means of living. In primal religions, the distinction between good and bad is associated with misfortune and fortune. Long ago, people do not have the technology and knowledge that we have today that can explain illness, death and suffering. Although primal religions believe in a greater or supreme being, it also brings forth the belief in entities, deities and spirits that dwell among people and nature who can and may interfere with people’s lives when they desire to or when they are disturbed. With limited knowledge and the belief in animism and personification, the people do not have an explanation to the misfortunes they are experiencing except to use their primal religion as a way to understand their lives. With this, primal religion do not relate good and bad to natural or unnatural rather they relate good and bad to how they view their relation with the spirits and deities around them through their relation with other people and with nature. Nature has a very big impact in the way people lived. By taking care of their environment and essentially nature, people believed that they will be blessed by being given back plants, trees, fruits, crops and animals that will serve as their food, shelter and clothing. Good and bad became a distinction between taking care of the things around them versus destroying their environment. When something bad happens, such as a plague, people generally believe that they are being punished because they disturbed the balance or they believe that there was something they have done that offended the spirits, deities and other beings. With this, they try to turn things around through offerings and sacrifices, which are quite different from how we do it today. Another perspective of good and bad in the primal religion is the distinction between suffering and good fortune. When a person experiences suffering, it is related to something bad or evil. And when people, with this limited knowledge, no modern technology and with a belief in animism, look for a reason behind this suffering, they associate it with something bad or evil, which is related to the idea of the unknown. Anything that is unknown to them that causes misfortune, suffering or death is equated to bad or evil. But not all unknown is related to evil and not all known is related to good. The relation is based on their experience. For example, when there is an eclipse and something bad happens to them, like crops dying, they automatically associate this with something evil. When there is a shooting star, or in our knowledge now a meteor shower, and something good happens after it like animals migrating to their area, they automatically think that the meteor showers are something good. This association comes from the primal belief that all things are interrelated or intertwined. And this is because of the communitarian way the people of those ages lived (Sharma, p.4). The primal belief has another important characteristic, and that is the belief that people, animals and other things are held together by an ultimate nature and

Belfast Travellers: Services and Policies

Belfast Travellers: Services and Policies Case Study – Belfast Travellers The case study examines the provision of accommodation and other services for the travelling community in the Belfast area over a 30 year time period. During this time many different agencies, including the Department of the Environment (DoE), the Belfast City Council (BCC), the Northern Ireland Housing Executive (NIHE) and a number of voluntary sector organizations, were involved in attempting to provide services to the travellers. This essay will examine the degree to which the travellers participated in specifying their needs and in designing policies to address them, and relate such consultation to different concepts of participation mentioned by Cornwall (2003). The concluding paragraph will evaluate the success, or otherwise, of such participation in delivering a sense of empowerment and self-reliance to the travelling community. Although community development has been a strategy of both statutory and voluntary sectors in Northern Ireland (NI) for many years[1], until relatively recently it does not seem to have been applied to the travelling community. This process works at a community level, through community groups and the appointment of local community development workers who â€Å"engage with the community to identify needs, raise issues, and develop programmes †¦ to address those needs†.[2] Although this strategy was no doubt consciously applied to the settled community, there is little evidence of it being used before 1992 with the travelling community. For example, the initial issues for providing accommodation for the travellers involved the provision of camping sites. At the Colin Glen site there were problems of overcrowding, compounded by the relocation to the site of families unrelated to those already there, which caused conflict between the groups. A contributing factor to this dete rioration was the lack of consultation with the travellers before moving additional families to the site. The entire site was eventually abandoned[3]. Initially the BCC provided sites, but these were often poorly serviced and were built without proper consultation. Responsibility for providing accommodation for travellers was later moved to the NIHE, and travellers were consulted about which families would be housed in group housing, developed through the use of housing associations.[4] However, they were not active in the running of the housing associations.[5] A report from 1980 titled Services for Travelling People in NI, issued by the Coordinating Committee for Social Problems, stated that the various voluntary sector agencies involved with the travelling community felt that they had effective policies, even though there had been no consultation with travellers.[6] More encouragingly, the Belfast Travellers Site Project (BTSP) was set up in 1985 with a committee consisting of 50 % travellers and 50% settled people. Its aims were to improve sites in Belfast and to have an input into policies regarding travellers in general.[7] In 1992 BTSP initiated a number of community-based activities, and one of their most important initiatives was that travellers were employed to work as community workers in their own communities. This initiative seems to fall within Cornwall’s description of â€Å"invited participation†.[8] Amongst the successes of the community development approach, the committee felt it had contributed to â€Å"an increase in the travellers’ sense of worth and the value of their particular culture†.[9] The state also played its part in trying to create an environment in which citizens could give input about issues affecting them. More attention was given to a rights-based approach to development, and in 1998 the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission was established, which gave the travellers an opportunity to make official complaints.[10] This resonates with what the study guide has to say about the â€Å"concept of citizenship† [11] as well as with Cornwall’s concept of an â€Å"aware citizenry†[12] Probably the most important improvement in the possibilities for participation came from the creation of An Munia Tober ((The Good Road) in 2005, from an amalgamation of a number of smaller community groups. Their objectives are â€Å"to provide services and act as an advocate for travellers, as well as offering opportunities for travellers to be involved in their own development† [13] In general, the voluntary sector has been consistent in trying to encourage the travellers to share in decision making and to participate in the management of projects, and several agencies have included representatives from travellers. However, travellers still feel that there is insufficient consultation. Those that do participate often feel that their views are not given due weight. For this reason, groups that work with travellers continue to promote their active participation, and try to help them to obtain the skills they need to contribute effectively. A proposed â€Å"All Ireland study on Travellers†, due to have started in 2007, intended to train travellers as researchers. The intention was not only to teach new skills, but also to impart increased ownership, improve confidence, and thereby reduce any inhibitions against forcefully arguing their case. [14] The success or failure of the various interventions in obtaining participation from the travelling community, and thereby imbuing them with a sense of empowerment and self-reliance, is difficult to judge. Certainly, the failures to obtain input and participation resulted in notable disasters, such as at Colin Glen. The Traveller Movement (NI) concluded that there had been â€Å"a policy failure of staggering proportions† in the treatment of travellers in general.[15] However, the success of the NIHE in accommodating over 50% of the travellers in group housing, consulting with them about which families to house together, demonstrates that a participative approach can produce good results. The policies of the BTSP in employing travellers as community workers, and in involving greater numbers of travellers in educational and health related activities, have contributed to an improvement in their sense of worth. On balance, both the negative consequences of non-participation, and t he positive results from consultative approaches, tend to indicate that participation does contribute to a sense of empowerment and self-reliance. Bibliography Course Book Cornwall, A. (2003) Looking back to move forward in Cornwall, A. Beneficiary, Consumer, Citizen: Perspectives on Participation for Poverty Reduction, Stockholm, SIDA. Le Mare, A (2006) Belfast travellers: a case study of the provision of housing and services for the travelling community in Belfast Word Count: With footnotes:1065 Without footnotes:1006 1 Footnotes [1] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 7 [2] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 7 [3] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 9 [4] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 10 [5] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 15 [6] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 11 [7] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 11 [8] Cornwall, A. 2003: 76-7 [9] Belfast Travellers, 2006 12/13 [10] Belfast Travellers, 2006 14 [11] Course Book: 65 [12] Cornwall, A. 2003: 76 [13] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 16 [14] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 17 [15] Belfast Travellers, 2006: 13 Should The Governments Regulate The Internet? Should The Governments Regulate The Internet? In 20th centuries, number of net citizen is growing fast around the World. Survey conducted by Internet Usage Statistics shows that over twenty-five percent of world population are internet users [11]. Because of the internet popularizing trend, the importance of Internet censorship has also risen. As a result, I believe that the Internet should be regulated by the Governments. This article is going to discuss mainly three areas. They are social, economical and political. Exploring the advantages and disadvantages on implementing regulation on the Internet, by reviewing current situations between United States, China and Hong Kong, what regulation have been done on the Internet. I picked Hong Kong as my studied area, as it is my living place, it is necessary to be concerned. While Hong Kong is executing One Country Two System, my motherland China, carrying out one system only, is also reviewed in this article. United States, which is claimed to be a model country of advocate peoples freedom, is chosen for comparison as a role of foreign country. There would be different aspects and outcomes of regulating the Internet within these three countries. Followed by, my reason on supporting Government should regulate the Internet. Firstly, I am going to discuss social issue. Public health is one reason supporting regulation on the Internet. Nowadays, many pornography sites can be accessed easily by just clicking Im above 18.. Children would get sex and harmful information from these sites easily without parent guidance. Thus, Internet control has become important to protect children. In United States, Communications Decency Act (CDA), established in 1996, regulates on offensive and obscenity content [23]. For Hong Kong, there is also law for obscene and violence control. It is called Control of Obscene and Indecent Articles Ordinance (Chapter 390) [14]. According to South Sina News (2007), a Hong Kong netizen, Mr. Woo, was sentenced as he published obscene links on the Internet [13]. When compare to Chinese Government, they only have some agreements on Internet control, there is no a concrete law that the internet censorship should follows. Thus, internet censorship in China is mainly held by filtering systems , or firewall. A common blocking system in China would be Green Dam Youth Escort (Green Dam) [20]. It is designed to filter illegal contents. Start from May, 2009, the software is required to pre-install in personal computers produced by China. The system protects children from violence and pornography. Problem of cyber-bullying is also one factor affecting public health. It causes psychological harm to netizens. In America, Megan Taylor Meier was committed suicide because a friends mother, Lori Drew. She humiliated Megan. Drew created a male account named Josh Evans, and bully Megan on the Internet. After investigation, Lori Drew was caught. This is not the only case that would cause psychological harm. In Hong Kong, net citizens would post persons data on the internet when they think the person is misconducted. Privacy like phone numbers, address, working place, etc., is exposed. Daily lives of many victims are badly affected. They are afraid to be recognized outside home. Tsui Yu Hin [5] is one of victims in Hong Kong. He was insulted by netizens pushing his pregnant girlfriend down elevator. Netizens setup a facebook group blaming his misbehavior. This affair was interrupting Tsuis living, he kept receiving disturbing phone calls. Cyber-bullying would cause victims more depressi on, negative impact on working or academic performance, extreme violent behavior such as murder or committed suicide. To prevent cyber-bullying, American has established the Megan Meier Cyber-bullying Prevention Act, this is one of the first cyber-bullying laws that protects children and adults from disturbs. This is a case that showing netizens are needed to take consequences for what they have done on the internet. I believe it is a good way to lighten the problem of cyber-bullying. Chinese and Hong Kong Government should follow the actions taken of U.S. Secondly, the economy issue is discussed. Foreign-invested enterprise, such as Google, Yahoo, Facebook, etc., that are widely-used, has potential to strengthen the links between countries and global economy. Businesses such as mobile phones connecting Google, are being popular. Besides, companies can gain from owning the copyright. Protecting copyright would help providing a fair competition environment. As a result, Governments establish laws to accuse infringing on Copyrights currently, including film industry, music industry, etc., mainly related to creativity. One law in United States, Anti-cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) of 1999, [21], legislate the registration of domain names with trademarks. Though Hong Kong does not have same law, there is another potential law for protecting rights of trademark owners. The Intellectual Property Department [7] is set up to handle copyright, designs, personal intellectual properties and trademarks. Rules correlated to Trade Mark s Ordinance, Patents Ordinance, and Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance are introduced to protect creativity and balance the interest of the right owners and society. CHAN Nai Ming, a Hong Kong citizen, was jailed as he uploaded Hollywood films onto the Internet, while it is violating the copyright. While in China, there is also copyright registry on the website of National Copyright Administration of the Peoples Republic of China [12]. It is clear that regulating internet by the Government could be beneficial to economy factor. Lastly, political issue is discussed. Sensitive contents, mainly related to religion and politics, are usually filtered. In United States, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) was introduced on May 18, 1977. [22]. It limits foreign governments, groups, or individuals (e.g. spies), that would cause international terrorism, and attacks. It prevents citizens to perform illegal activities. In China, filtering is required for protecting citizen from misconduct contents. MySpace China is one of the samples applied filtering. [2]. Sensitive topics are filtered, for example, Taiwan independence. In MySpace China, there is an abused report function for users. Abused account would be block when found that the abuse is true. This could help catching illegal netizens. Chinese Government would even interfere in administration of company or limit individuals freedom. Huang Qi [10][18], a website owner criticized the role of government in the student massacre June 4th 1989 in his website. G overnment considered his website content as illegal, as a result, Huang Qi was arrested on 3 June 2000, and facts stated on his website were blocked. In 2009, thousands of protesters took to the streets in Xinjiang Riot. Officials reported that protesters made use of Twitter/Facebook to gather themselves in Xinjiang Province. Many unauthorized postings on local sites and Google were limited by censors during and after the riots. Based on BBC News, search engine Google was blocked by China [1][3]. It was because China requested Google to filter controversial materials but Google denied. As a result, there is no Google.cn found on the internet. This shows that, when filtering or blocking is carried out, information transmission is limited. This would be beneficial to the Government. By controlling the access right, negative information about the government can be blocked. By looking at the cases in China and America, they show that filtering and setting up laws can help protecting national security, keeping netizens away from getting offending information. However, on the Internet users point of view, filtering would have an impact on getting updated news because filtering may block more than expected. Lots of useful information may be blocked. The regulation is far from perfect. Though there is such disadvantage, I believe internet should still be regulated by the government. When compared the level of internet censorship between Hong Kong and China, it is less strict in Hong Kong. Net citizens in Hong Kong have rooms to criticize the Government on the Internet, which would help monitoring the Government. When Hong Kong Government was introducing 2012 Act Now, net citizens were teasing by creating similar slogan and logo 2012 All Wrong. Though the censorship level is lower, there are still laws managing the disciplines on the internet. According to Ming Pao Newspaper (2008), netizen spread the message Hong Kong will become a city of SARS [4][6]. Large numbers of people were frightened and thus bought and stored rice bulkily. The netizen was sentenced Access to computer with criminal or dishonest intent [9][24]. It shows that net citizens are still required to take responsibilities. To summarize, internet censorship would be beneficial on social, economical and political areas, protecting privacy and intelligence property, keeping social order and public health. It is clear that Internet-censorship is necessary as Governments in different countries are already taking actions to control the Internet. Despite the advantages, in my point of view, Governments should regulate the Internet because it is more effective to carry out the disciplines from top-down strategy. Followed by, having the cooperation from other roles, such as webmaster. To me, an effective regulation should extend to set up laws only. Citizens would know that he/she need to take consequence even on virtual world. Person violating laws would be arrested, where there is room for the freedom of speech on the Internet. In conclusion, regulation is beneficial on many aspects. It could help protecting privacy and intelligence property, keeping social order and public health. Though Internet censorship is a difficult task to perform, it is a necessary action taken.

life after 9/11 :: essays research papers

or most of us, airports are the only places where life has really changed since 9/11. The terminal has become a vast theater of the absurd where aspiring passengers line up halfway back to town. The shoes of little old ladies are gravely removed and inspected. Men in suits take their cell phones out of the bag and put their laptop computers into the bag—no, wait, cell phones in and computers out. Random passengers stand spread-eagled while strangers say to them softly, "Now I'm going to run my hands around your waist. Is that all right?" Somewhere unseen, a food-service worker is assembling plastic knives but metal forks in meals headed for first class. And all the while the public-address system hectors us to "report any suspicious activity." Many people, understandably skeptical about these quasi-religious rituals, have stopped flying instead. Others are thinking about moving out of New York and other big cities, and some have done so. These are responses more in keeping with the scale and drama of the episode that provoked them, but they may not make any more sense. David G. Myers of Hope College in Holland, Mich., calculated that terrorists would have to hijack 50 planes a year and kill everyone aboard before flying would be more dangerous than driving an equal distance. The steps we have taken to protect ourselves from terrorism (not counting the military effort to stop it at the source) seem either farcically trivial or farcically excessive. Is there a rational middle ground? Dealing rationally with the risks of terrorism is hard for several reasons. First, human beings are bad at assessing small risks of large catastrophes. And Americans are especially bad at this because we are Americans, and catastrophes are not supposed to happen to us. Our legal culture, our political culture and our media culture all push us toward excessive caution by guaranteeing that any large disaster will produce an orgy of hindsight. Lawyers will sue, politicians will hold hearings, newspapers and newsmagazines will publish overexcited revelations about secret memos that could be interpreted as having warned of this if held up to the light at a certain angle. Second, the actual risk of being a terror victim is not merely small—it is unknown and unknowable. Economists make a distinction between "risk" and "uncertainty." Risk refers to hard mathematical odds. Uncertainty refers to situations in which the odds are anybody's guess

Despite Their Cultural Differences Essay

Despite Their Cultural Differences, Do Jeanette From ‘Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit’ & Celie From ‘The Colour Purple’ Both Share The Same Struggle?  The cultural differences of the two characters are numerous and the implications far reaching. The austere but comfortable working class security of ‘Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit’, contrasts greatly with the urban squalor of ‘The Colour Purple.’ Even though there is such a massive social divide the two women share many similar struggles. Both women are struggling against the imposition and enforcement of belief systems and intolerant judgements upon them. In Jeanette’s life her mother mainly imposes her controlling and stifling religious views upon her. She feels press – ganged to the extent that ‘I had been brought in to join her in a tag match against the Rest of the World.’ The entirety of Jeanette’s early life is a moulding process, where she is forced to endure the influence of ‘enemies’ including ‘The Devil (in his many forms), Next Door, Sex (in its many forms), and slugs.’ Celie’s initial struggle takes on a much more chilling and darker tone. Her perspective comes from her being made to accept the role of a victim. Her stepfather tears away her basic human rights as he abuses her, ‘He start to choke me, saying you better shut up and git used to it.’ It is a constant challenge to achieve the recognition by others that she has nothing in her present, miserable existence.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhy don’t you look decent? Put on something! But what I’m sposed to put on? I don’t have nothing.’ One challenge faced by Celie is how to access a decent education, and further her basic skills. As she is seen as little more than a servant, her family believes that there is little need for her to further herself and grow.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe first time I got big Pa, took me out of school, He never care that I love it.’ In the initial section of ‘Colour Purple,’ the writing skills of Celie are very poor and reflect the poor education she has received. The entire opening diary entries are littered with colloquialisms and miss spellings, ‘Left me to see after the others. He never have a kine word to say to me.’ This often leads to the impression that the words of Celie are coming from an intelligent mind that does not quite have the tools to express itself properly. Later on in the novel, influenced by reading her sister’s letters and her own determination to succeed, she develops a much more fluid and sharper style, ‘Even thought you had the trees with you, the whole Earth. The stars. But look at you. When Shug left, happiness desert.’ It is still not writing of an educated woman, but a woman who is beginning to analyse her situation. The struggle of Jeanette’s education is never one that is based on literary or language deficiencies. From a young age she is encouraged to have a firm grasp of The Bible. Jeanette’s initial keeping away from school limits her to her mother for a source of information. This leads to Jeanette having a bizarre view on the world from a young age.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœMy favourite was Number 16, the Buzule of Carpathian.’  As Celie has been at the mercy of such extreme sexist views for the beginning of her life, and Jeanette at the mercy of religious ones, they both struggle not pass their misguided views on to others. When Celie is not successful in refraining from doing so, it has a profound impact upon Sofia. The insecurity and inadequacy of Celie forces her to offer advice to Harpo, which leads to domestic violence. Celie has become so use to ritualised violence that the promotion of it actually becomes a strange form of advice. Only the pathetic nature of her advice save s her friendship with Sofia. ‘She stood their a long time, like what I said took the wind out of her sails. She mad before sad now.’  Jeanette struggles not to pass on her misguided and often inappropriate religious views while at school. Her teachers are alarmed by religious maturity and obsessive views, ‘That’s not the point you have been talking about Hell to young minds.’ Her unintentional preaching of her mothers dogma scares the children, and marks her out for abuse, ‘And why, and this is perhaps more serious, do you terrorize, yes, terrorize the other children. This criticism eventually leads to the developing of awareness that she not teach her mother’s dogma.

Anti-discriminatory practices Essay

The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the impact of discriminatory practice on work with children and investigate the ways in which the needs of children can be met through a range of anti-discriminatory practices. What is discriminatory and Anti-discriminatory Practice? There are many different definitions of the above that can be used: â€Å"Any prejudice view or diverse treatment because of race, colour, creed, or national origin† (www. surestart. gov. uk) is seen as discriminatory practice along withAccording to Lindon (2004 p128) â€Å"Discrimination means behaving in an unfair way towards a person because of the way we have judged them. † There are two types of discrimination: Direct discrimination: This is treating someone unfairly compared to someone else in the same or similar circumstances; it could be as a result of their sex, race, marital status, disability, or age for example. Indirect discrimination: This when you are discriminated against in general because of a generalization that has been made without taking in each person’s situation into account. In order to challenge discrimination several laws, code of conducts and policies are in place. Discriminating against someone can be in the forms of labelling, stereotyping and oppression and all must be challenged immediately. (Miche. V 2004:128) Anti-discriminatory practice will ensure that â€Å"everyone has the same rights regardless of things such as family background, appearance, lifestyle, gender, race or medical history. † (Tassoni et al. 2000:11) In order to promote equality and anti discrimination early educators must follow relevant legislation, curriculum frameworks and official guidance.